Showing posts with label Technology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Technology. Show all posts
Saturday, 9 November 2013
Thursday, 7 November 2013
What is virtual machine? And How to use virtual box?
Virtual environment (Running two operating systems at a time)
1) Running
multiple Operating systems simultaneously
.
.
2) Testing
and disaster recovery by taking “snapshot”
3) Host
O.S – The physical O.S that is running
4) Guest
O.S – The O.S that is running in virtual
box (Virtual Machine)
5) Virtual
Machine (VM): The environment hat virtual box creates for guest O.S
i.
It opens like a window
ii.
It is just like a container
i.
Includes shared folders (Host to Guest vice
versa), Seamless window, 3D virtualization
7) Portability:
Importing and exporting to other hosts. Works same as like on original host
(Importing and exporting in OVF (Open Virtualization Format)
8) No
Hardware virtualization is required, it can work on old and new hardware.
Great Hardware Support:
Guest multiprocessing – 32 virtual cpu’s, USB support, hardware compatibility, Full ACPI support (Advanced configuration and power interface), PXE network boot – integrated virtual network cards of virtual box fully support remote booting via pre boot execution environment.
Multi generation snapshots: Arbitrary snapshots so that you can revert back (Just like system restore)
Monday, 4 November 2013
Friday, 1 November 2013
Product key Finder on Windows
Software's for finding product key on Microsoft windows:
1) Magical Jelly bean keyfinder (www.magicaljellybean.com)
2) www.nirsoft.net
***
Thursday, 31 October 2013
Thursday, 24 October 2013
Tuesday, 22 October 2013
Sunday, 20 October 2013
Cabling
Difference between straight through, crossover, and rollover cables:
Straight through:
Straight through cables, the
wires connect to the same pins on either side of the cable.These cables are
primarily used for connecting unlike devices like router to switch, computer to
switch, hub to switch etc.
Cross over:
Cross over cables are similar to straight through
cables, except that they have pairs of wires that crisscross. This allows for
two devices to communicate at same time. The cables are primarily used for
connecting like devices.
Roll over cables:
Roll over cables essentially have
one end of the cable wired exactly opposite from the other.This usually connect
a device to a router or switch’s console port.
***
Copy Write
Saturday, 19 October 2013
Network Monitoring Tools
Network monitoring tools:
Some best network monitoring tools for linux and windows.
Linux based:
1) Nagios
2) Cacti
Windows based:
1) Nino
2) MRTG
3) Paessler
(commercial, but very good value for money)
***
Friday, 30 August 2013
Various Operating Systems
Operating Systems:
Free O.S:
These are the list of free operating systems. That are available to be
downloaded free of cost.
1) UBUNTU OPERATING SYSTEM
2) CENT OPERATING SYSTEM
3) HAIKU OPERATING SYSTEM
4) BSD OPERATING SYSTEM
5) BACK TRAC- LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM
6) FEDORA OPERATING SYSTEM
7) DEBAIN OPERATING SYSTEM
8) OPENSUSE OPERATING SYSTEM
9) PARDUS OPERATING SYSTEM
10) SUSE OPERATING SYSTEM
11) MORPHOS-TEAM OPERATING SYSTEM
12) SINGULARIT.CODEPLEX OPERATING SYSTEM
http://singularity.codeplex.com/ (Microsoft research project)
13) TAJ OPERATING SYSTEM
In addition these there are various paid operating systems like Microsoft, Solaris etc.
***COPY-WRITE OWNED BY PRAMOD KUMAR
Thursday, 29 August 2013
Hackers and Its Types
What is Hacking?
Hacking
means breaching in to a computer or in a system or into software in which the
access is private. It means getting in and maintaining access in a cyber place
where you don’t have rights to enter.
Types
of Hackers:
There are three types of hackers and are:
1.
White hat hackers:
They
are ethical hackers and just work as a security expert in any
bank/society/online company etc. They just find vulnerabilities and possible
attack in a system and make that system more secure. They have permission to
make testing of vulnerabilities in the system and they do there self attack and
tell what the vulnerability is. These people never harm any thing.
2.
Black hat hackers:
They
are unethical hacker and they breach into a system for fun or money. There is
no specific reason or issue for which they do hacking.
3.
Red/Grey hat hacker:
They
are those people who do hacking for money. These people will have high
knowledge that they can break through any thing if you pay money.
SCRIPT
KIDDIE: A person who use tools with no
contribution to hacking community, kiddies don’t know how to create their own
tools or use advanced tools and constantly use the same tools to hack a
server or system, often not effectively. To some degree all hackers are
script kiddies, but a good hacker has the ability to make intelligent decisions
such as determining false positives from virus scans.
VULNERABILITY:
A weakness that could lead to
compromised security. It may be discovered accidentally. Somebody may write a
script to exploit this vulnerability.
WAR
DRIVERS: People who take some kind of
portable device, for example a USB drive or a laptop and just go to a public
location. Then they pick up a wireless signal and possibly see what software it
is running and may be find exploits for that software, but war drivers are not
limited to this. They often just use this for free internets in the case they
don’t have access to it themselves.
BLACK
BOX ATTACKS: Security testing with no knowledge
of the network infrastructure, for example attacking a company from the
internet.
WHITE
BOX ATTACKS: Security testing with complete
knowledge of the network infrastructure.
KEYLOGGER:
A key logger is a program usually
runs secretly in the background that record what user type, then the typed
output is usually sent via email or uploaded by the key logger.
IP Address
Exploiting IP address:
What
is IP address?
a)
Netstat –n:
Or
find by going to whatismyip.com
Tracing
route of the website: tracert website-name
((Blue
color indicates the address of that website, In some places you will see * this
implies that there are firewalls in that hop ip))
b)
nslookup
You may see written there that you are not authenticated two this route. Now for getting ip address and for getting more
information about a website you may also use these websites.
Samspade.com
-> dnsstuff.com -> whois.net
You
can also search in google by typing public proxy servers.
***
COPY-WRITE OWNED BY PRAMOD KUMAR
Port Numbers
Port Numbers and their Services:
Port
Number
|
Protocol
|
|
Service
|
||
0
|
TCP/UDP
|
Reserved
|
7
|
TCP/UDP
|
Echo
|
9
|
TCP/UDP
|
Discard
|
11
|
TCP
|
Systat
|
13
|
TCP/UDP
|
Daytime
|
17
|
TCP/UDP
|
Quote
of the day
|
19
|
TCP/UDP
|
Chargen
(character generator)
|
21
|
TCP
|
FTP
|
23
|
TCP
|
Telnet
|
25
|
TCP
|
SMTP
|
37
|
TCP/UDP
|
Time
|
38
|
TCP/UDP
|
Route
Access Protocol
|
42
|
UDP
|
Name
Server
|
43
|
TCP
|
Whois
|
49
|
TCP
|
Login
Host Protocol
|
53
|
TCP/UDP
|
DNS
|
60
|
TCP/UDP
|
Unassigned
|
67
|
UDP
|
Bootstrap
Protocol Server
|
68
|
UDP
|
Bootstrap
Protocol Client
|
69
|
UDP
|
Trivial
File Transfer (TFT)
|
70
|
TCP
|
Gopher
|
80
|
TCP
|
HTTP
|
88
|
TCP
|
Kerberos
|
101
|
TCP/UDP
|
NIC
host name server
|
109
|
TCP
|
POP2
|
110
|
TCP
|
POP3
|
111
|
TCP/UDP
|
Sun
remote procedure call (Sun RPC)
|
119
|
TCP
|
NNTP
|
137
|
TCP/UDP
|
Netbios
name service
|
138
|
TCP/UDP
|
Netbios
datagram service
|
139
|
TCP/UDP
|
Netbios
session service
|
161
|
UDP
|
SNMP
|
512
|
TCP
|
Remote
process execution
|
513
|
TCP
|
Remote
login via telnet
|
514
|
TCP
|
cmd
|
749
|
TCP
|
Kerberos
administration port
|
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